Eksploitasi Sumber Daya di Gunung Slamet: Implikasi Ekologis dan Ancaman terhadap Kehidupan Perspektif Socio Legal

Resource Exploitation on Mount Slamet: Ecological Implications and Threats to Life from a Socio-Legal Perspective

Abstract

This study examines the ecological and socio-legal impacts of intensified mining activities on Mount Slamet and its surrounding communities in Central Java. Utilizing a socio-legal framework combined with policy analysis, field observations, satellite imagery, and political ecology perspectives, the research explores the complex interactions between exploitative development paradigms, political oligarchy dominance in natural resource control, and legal-political imbalances affecting ecological and social sustainability. Despite mining being promoted as a path to development and prosperity, the realities around Mount Slamet reveal environmental degradation, recurrent ecological disasters, and growing social inequality. Massive flooding events in several districts highlight the severe consequences of disrupted watershed functions due to mining-induced deforestation, sedimentation, and pollution. The study employs qualitative methods, including interviews with local residents and stakeholders, to assess social, economic, and ecological transformations. Findings indicate that economic benefits are concentrated among political elites, while local communities suffer from loss of clean water, damaged agricultural land, and health risks. Legal enforcement is weakened by overlapping regulations and political interests, resulting in inadequate reclamation and rehabilitation efforts. The study concludes that sustainable management of Mount Slamet requires shifting from an exploitative to an ecocentric development paradigm, strengthening legal frameworks, ensuring transparency in mining permits, and fostering collaborative governance involving local communities to protect ecological integrity and social welfare.